Skydiving is one of the most thrilling extreme sports in the world. It offers a unique mix of fear, freedom, and excitement. People jump from planes thousands of feet above the ground, falling at speeds of over 120 miles per hour. It may seem risky.
But in reality, skydiving is far safer than most people think. One of the biggest safety features in skydiving is the backup parachute.
In this article, we will explain everything you need to know about backup parachutes. We will look at how they work, why they are used, and what happens if the main parachute fails. This guide is written for beginners, first-time jumpers, and even curious spectators. By the end, you’ll feel more informed and confident about the safety systems behind skydiving.
What Is a Backup Parachute?
A backup parachute is a second parachute packed into a skydiving rig. It is also called a reserve parachute. Every modern skydiving setup includes this second parachute. It serves as an emergency option if the main parachute fails to open properly.
The reserve parachute is:
- Stored in a separate compartment
- Packed and maintained to strict safety standards
- Rarely used, but always ready
Even though skydivers trust their main parachutes, accidents and malfunctions can happen. That’s why the backup parachute is so important.
Do All Skydivers Use A Backup Parachute?
Yes. In the United States and most countries, backup parachutes are mandatory. According to the United States Parachute Association (USPA) and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), every skydiver must carry both a main and a reserve parachute.
This rule applies to:
- Tandem jumpers (when you jump with an instructor)
- Solo skydivers
- Student skydivers
- Experienced professionals
Even military and professional stunt jumpers use reserve parachutes.
How Does the Backup Parachute Work?
The backup parachute works independently from the main parachute. It is packed and stored in a separate part of the parachute container, often below the main canopy.
There are two main ways the reserve parachute is used:
1. Manual Deployment
If a skydiver notices the main parachute is not working correctly, they can:
Cut away the main canopy using a release handle.
Pull another handle to deploy the reserve parachute.
This system allows the skydiver to manually take control in an emergency.
2. Automatic Activation Device (AAD)
Modern rigs come with a small computer called an AAD. This device monitors speed and altitude. If the skydiver is falling too fast at a low altitude (typically around 750 to 1000 feet), the AAD will automatically fire and deploy the reserve parachute.
This is especially important if the skydiver:
- Becomes unconscious
- Is unable to pull the handle
- Experiences a sudden emergency
The AAD is a game-changer in skydiving safety.
What Happens If the Main Parachute Fails?
Although rare, main parachute malfunctions do happen. They include:
- A twisted canopy
- A canopy that does not fully inflate
- Line entanglement
- A “bag lock” (where the parachute gets stuck)
In such cases, skydivers are trained to:
- Recognize the problem quickly
- Cut away the main canopy using a release handle
- Pull the reserve handle to deploy the backup parachute
The entire process takes seconds. Training includes multiple emergency drills, so responses become automatic.
How Often Do Backup Parachutes Get Used?
Reserve parachutes are not used often. The main parachute is very reliable. However, studies from the USPA show that:
About 1 in 1,000 skydives involves a main parachute malfunction
In those cases, the reserve parachute is deployed successfully
So while rare, the system proves effective when needed.
Who Packs the Reserve Parachute?
Unlike the main parachute, which experienced skydivers can pack themselves, only a certified rigger is allowed to pack the reserve parachute.
In the U.S., riggers must be certified by the FAA. They follow strict guidelines:
- Reserve parachutes must be inspected and repacked every 180 days
- Even if unused, the parachute must be checked regularly
- Rigorous standards ensure it’s always in top condition
This gives skydivers extra confidence in their emergency gear.
How Are Backup Parachutes Designed?
Backup parachutes are made with the highest quality materials. They are built to open quickly and reliably, even in high-stress conditions.
Key Features of a Reserve Parachute:
- Smaller but stronger than the main canopy
- Reinforced seams and stitching
- High-strength suspension lines
- Fast-opening design
While they may not glide as smoothly as a main parachute, reserve parachutes are designed with one thing in mind: safety.
Is It Dangerous to Use a Backup Parachute?
Using a backup parachute is not inherently dangerous. However, it is an emergency response. It usually means something has gone wrong with the main canopy.
Thanks to modern designs and automatic systems, the risk is low. In fact:
- Most reserve deployments are smooth
- Injuries during reserve use are rare
- AADs have saved countless lives
Still, skydivers are trained to remain calm, follow steps, and react quickly to ensure safety.
Does Tandem Skydiving Use Backup Parachutes?
Yes. When you go on a tandem skydive, both you and the instructor use a system with:
- A main parachute
- A reserve parachute
- An automatic activation device (AAD)
The tandem rig is larger but includes all the same safety features.
Instructors are highly trained to deal with emergencies. In the rare case of a malfunction, they will cut away the main and deploy the reserve without you needing to do anything.
You can enjoy the jump knowing you’re in safe hands.
What Should You Know as a First-Time Jumper?
If you’re preparing for your first skydive, here are some key takeaways:
- Every jump includes a reserve parachute
- Your instructor is trained to handle emergencies
- Modern gear is reliable and regularly inspected
- Backup systems include automatic safety devices
You don’t need to worry about packing or deploying parachutes. But it helps to understand how the systems work. It builds trust in the sport and eases common fears.
Can the Backup Parachute Fail?
In theory, any mechanical system can fail. But in practice, reserve parachute failure is extremely rare. This is because:
- The reserve is packed by certified riggers
- It is inspected more often than the main
- It is stored to avoid wear and damage
- It includes strict deployment procedures
Statistically, your chances of both the main and backup parachutes failing are almost nonexistent. The safety record for skydiving continues to improve with better technology and training.
Conclusion
To sum it up—yes, there is always a backup parachute when skydiving. It’s called the reserve parachute. It is mandatory, reliable, and carefully maintained. It works alongside other safety tools like the AAD to protect skydivers in the air.
Skydiving may look risky, but thanks to layers of safety, including the backup parachute, it is much safer than many believe. Whether you’re jumping solo or doing a tandem, rest assured: the backup is ready if you need it.