Sharks are an unavoidable part of the ocean ecosystem. While shark attacks on surfers are rare, they do happen. The risk of encountering a shark varies by location, time of day, and individual behavior. By understanding shark habits and taking precautions, surfers can reduce the likelihood of an unwanted encounter. This article explains how to avoid sharks while surfing and provides practical safety tips.
Understand Shark Behavior
Sharks are most active during dawn and dusk. They rely on their senses to locate prey and often hunt when visibility is low.
Certain species, like great white sharks, tiger sharks, and bull sharks, are more likely to interact with humans. Surfers should be aware of the local shark population and their habits.
Choose the Right Surf Spot
Not all surf spots carry the same level of risk. Some beaches have a history of shark activity, while others remain relatively safe. Before heading out, check for recent shark sightings, warning signs, or reports from local authorities.
Avoid areas with the following conditions:
- Large seal or sea lion populations
- Murky water
- Fishing activity
- River mouths, especially after heavy rain
- Whale carcasses or dead marine life
Time Your Sessions Wisely
Surfing at dawn or dusk increases the risk of encountering sharks. Low-light conditions make it harder for sharks to distinguish between humans and their usual prey. It is best to surf during the middle of the day when visibility is highest and sharks are less active.
Avoid Wearing Bright or Shiny Gear
Sharks have excellent vision and are attracted to high-contrast colors. Avoid wearing bright yellow, white, or neon wetsuits. Jewelry, watches, or reflective materials can resemble fish scales and draw unwanted attention.
Stay in Groups
Sharks are less likely to approach groups of surfers. A lone surfer resembles a struggling prey animal, making them a more attractive target. Whenever possible, surf with friends and stay close to others in the water.
Minimize Splashing and Sudden Movements
Erratic movements can attract sharks, as they mimic the behavior of injured prey. Try to paddle smoothly, avoid excessive kicking, and keep your arms and legs close to your board.
Use Shark Deterrents
There are various shark deterrent devices available, such as:
Electromagnetic Shark Shields: These create a field that disrupts a shark’s sensory system, deterring it from approaching.
Repellent Bands: These use magnets or chemicals to create a mild deterrent effect.
Specialized Surfboards: Some boards have anti-shark patterns or technology to reduce risk.
While no device is 100% effective, using a deterrent can add an extra layer of protection.
Avoid Areas with Baitfish
Sharks hunt in areas where baitfish are abundant. If you see schools of small fish, birds diving into the water, or other marine predators feeding, it is best to leave the area immediately. These signs indicate that a shark may be nearby.
Do Not Surf with Open Wounds
Sharks have an incredible sense of smell and can detect even small amounts of blood from great distances. If you have an open wound, it is best to stay out of the water. Women on their menstrual cycle may also consider extra precautions, though research suggests minimal increased risk.
Pay Attention to Local Warnings
Many beaches have warning systems in place to alert surfers to recent shark activity. Follow guidelines from lifeguards, surf shops, and local authorities. If a beach has been closed due to shark sightings, do not enter the water.
What to Do If You See A Shark
If you spot a shark while surfing, remain calm. Panic and sudden movements can trigger an investigative response from the shark. Follow these steps:
Stay on Your Board: Avoid splashing or swimming away.
Face the Shark: Sharks often retreat when confronted.
Move Slowly: Paddle smoothly towards shore without making erratic motions.
Signal for Help: If lifeguards or other surfers are nearby, alert them to the situation.
Defend If Necessary: In the rare event of an attack, target the shark’s eyes, nose, and gills with strong, direct strikes.
Conclusion
Shark encounters are rare, but they do happen. By understanding shark behavior, choosing safe surf spots, and following precautionary measures, surfers can significantly reduce their risk. Always respect the ocean and its inhabitants, stay informed, and surf smart. Taking these steps will help ensure a safe and enjoyable experience in the water.