Surfing is one of the most thrilling and challenging sports, enjoyed by people of all ages around the world. Whether you’re a seasoned pro or a beginner, a crucial piece of equipment is a wetsuit. It keeps surfers warm, comfortable, and protected from the elements while they ride the waves. But with so many types of wetsuits available on the market, it can be overwhelming to know which one is the best for your surfing needs. In this article, we will guide you through the different types of wetsuits, their features, and how to choose the right one based on your specific conditions.
What Is A Wetsuit?
A wetsuit is a special garment designed to keep surfers warm in cold water by trapping a thin layer of water between the suit and the skin. This water is warmed by the body heat, providing insulation. Wetsuits are typically made from neoprene, a flexible and insulating material. The thickness, design, and fit of the wetsuit play a significant role in your overall comfort and performance during your surf session.
Types of Wetsuits for Surfing
When it comes to wetsuits for surfing, there are several options to choose from, each designed for different conditions. The most common types of wetsuits include full suits, spring suits, and dry suits.
1. Full Suit (Steamer)
The full suit, also known as a “steamer,” is the most common wetsuit for surfers. It covers the body from the neck down to the ankles, offering full coverage and protection from cold water. Full suits are ideal for surfing in cooler water temperatures and are available in different thicknesses.
Thickness:
Full suits come in various thicknesses, typically ranging from 2mm to 6mm. The thickness of the wetsuit determines the level of warmth it provides. For warmer water conditions, you can opt for a 2mm or 3mm wetsuit, while thicker wetsuits (5mm or 6mm) are perfect for cold water conditions.
2mm: Ideal for warmer waters (approximately 65°F – 75°F or 18°C – 24°C).
3mm: Suitable for water temperatures ranging from 60°F to 65°F (15°C – 18°C).
4mm and 5mm: Designed for colder water temperatures (50°F – 60°F or 10°C – 15°C).
6mm: Best for very cold waters below 50°F (10°C and below).
Full suits typically have long sleeves and full legs, offering more warmth and protection than other types of wetsuits.
2. Spring Suit
A spring suit is a short-sleeve, short-leg wetsuit, offering less coverage than a full suit. It’s an excellent choice for warmer water temperatures, providing protection without the full-body insulation of a full suit. A spring suit is perfect for spring and summer surfing when the water is still cool, but not cold enough to warrant a full wetsuit.
Thickness:
Spring suits are usually thinner than full suits and generally come in 2mm or 3mm thickness. They’re suitable for water temperatures between 65°F and 75°F (18°C and 24°C).
2mm: Ideal for warm waters and summer surfing.
3mm: Good for slightly cooler waters, providing warmth without overheating.
The short legs and short sleeves allow for more freedom of movement and a lighter feel, making them ideal for surfing in warmer conditions.
3. Rash Guard
Though technically not a wetsuit, a rash guard is often worn with a wetsuit for additional protection from the sun and irritation. Rash guards are made from lightweight, quick-drying fabric and provide some insulation in warmer water. They are often worn alone in tropical regions with water temperatures above 75°F (24°C).
4. Dry Suit
Dry suits are designed for extreme conditions. They are used in very cold water or when surfing in freezing temperatures.
Unlike wetsuits, which allow a small amount of water to enter and trap it for warmth, dry suits are completely sealed to keep water out. They are generally worn in combination with undergarments for added insulation.
Dry suits are not as flexible as wetsuits, but they are the best option for those who surf in near-freezing waters or in areas with harsh conditions, such as Iceland or Antarctica.
Key Factors to Consider When Choosing a Wetsuit
Now that we’ve covered the different types of wetsuits, it’s important to know how to choose the right one for your specific needs. Several factors will influence your decision, including water temperature, flexibility, durability, and fit.
1. Water Temperature
Water temperature is the most important factor when selecting a wetsuit. Different wetsuits are designed to provide varying levels of warmth depending on the conditions. As mentioned earlier, full suits are best for cooler waters, while spring suits are great for warmer climates.
Tropical Waters (75°F and above): A rash guard or lightweight wetsuit (2mm) should suffice.
Warm Waters (65°F – 75°F or 18°C – 24°C): A spring suit (2mm or 3mm) is ideal.
Cool Waters (55°F – 65°F or 13°C – 18°C): A full suit (3mm or 4mm) offers sufficient warmth.
Cold Waters (45°F – 55°F or 7°C – 13°C): A thicker full suit (5mm) provides better insulation.
Freezing Waters (Below 45°F or 7°C): A dry suit or a full wetsuit (6mm or thicker) is recommended.
Check the water temperature at your surf spot and choose a wetsuit accordingly.
2. Flexibility
Flexibility is essential for comfort and performance while surfing. A wetsuit should allow for a full range of motion, especially around your shoulders, arms, and legs. Neoprene is the most common material used for wetsuits due to its flexibility and stretchability. Higher-end wetsuits often use more flexible and lightweight neoprene, making it easier to paddle and move.
3. Durability
A wetsuit is an investment, so durability is another key factor. Look for a wetsuit made with high-quality neoprene, as this will last longer and offer better insulation over time. Additionally, check for reinforced stitching and seams to avoid wear and tear during your surf sessions.
Wetsuits with sealed or taped seams are more durable and provide better insulation, as they prevent water from entering through the seams.
4. Fit
The fit of your wetsuit is critical. A wetsuit should be snug but not too tight. It should fit like a second skin, with no gaps that could let water in. Ensure that the wetsuit fits comfortably around your chest, waist, arms, and legs, allowing for free movement without feeling restrictive.
A well-fitted wetsuit will help maintain body heat and improve overall performance while surfing.
When choosing a wetsuit, it’s also important to check the type of zipper system. Some wetsuits come with back zippers, while others use chest zippers for easier entry and exit.
Additional Wetsuit Features to Consider
1. Seam Construction
Seams play a big role in the warmth and durability of a wetsuit. The two most common types of seams are flatlock and glued & blind-stitched seams.
Flatlock Seams: These are the most common and are easy to spot because they are stitched and then flattened. They are typically used for warmer water wetsuits and are less durable than blind-stitched seams.
Glued & Blind-Stitched Seams: These seams are sealed and more durable, providing a better barrier against water. They are ideal for cold-water wetsuits.
2. Neoprene Thickness
As mentioned, neoprene thickness determines how warm your wetsuit will be. Choose a thickness that suits the water temperatures where you plan to surf. However, keep in mind that the thicker the wetsuit, the less flexibility you’ll have. A balance between warmth and flexibility is key to a good wetsuit.
3. Wetsuit Accessories
In some cases, you might want to add accessories like booties, gloves, and hoods to your wetsuit for extra protection. These accessories are especially useful in colder water conditions.
Conclusion
Choosing the right wetsuit for surfing is essential for your comfort, performance, and safety in the water. By considering factors like water temperature, flexibility, durability, and fit, you can find the perfect wetsuit that matches your specific needs. Whether you’re surfing in tropical warmth or braving cold winter waves, there’s a wetsuit designed for every condition. Make sure to choose wisely and enjoy a great surfing experience every time you hit the waves.